Medical Oxygen Gas Plant. Oxygen Bottling Plant. Oxygen Cylinder Filling Plant. Industrial Oxygen Gas Filling Plant. Manufacture of Industrial Gases.
Oxygen is an element that can be a solid, liquid or gas depending on its temperature and pressure. In the atmosphere it is found as a gas, more specifically, a diatomic gas. This means that two oxygen atoms are connected together in a covalent double bond. Both oxygen atoms and oxygen gas are reactive substances that are essential for life on Earth.
Related Book: The Complete Book on Industrial Gases (Acetylene, Argon, Butane, Butene, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Ethane, Ethene, Helium, Hydrogen Chloride, Hydrogen, Krypton, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Methane, Neon, Nitrogen, Nitrogen Trifluoride Gas, Nitrous Oxide, Oxygen, Ozone, Propane, Propene, Refrigerant Gases, Sulphur Dioxide Gas, Sulphur Hexafluoride Gas, Xenon, Gas Mixtures with Machinery Equipment Details and Factory Layout)
Oxygen is a gas. It is a colorless, tasteless, odourless gaseous element that constitutes 21% of the atmosphere and is found in water, in most rocks and minerals, and in numerous organic compounds, that is capable of combining with all elements except the inert gases, that is active in physiological processes, and that is involved especially in combustion processes.
Oxygen gas, also called dioxygen because it is a bond of two oxygen atoms, is the second-most abundant element in the Earth's atmosphere, accounting for 21 percent of the air we breathe, well behind nitrogen's 78 percent. Pure oxygen gas has a specific gravity of 1.105.
Usage in the Industry
The greatest commercial use of oxygen gas is in the steel industry. Large quantities are also used in the manufacture of a wide range of chemicals including nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. It is also used to make epoxyethane (ethylene oxide), used as antifreeze and to make polyester, and chloroethene, the precursor to PVC.
Oxygen gas is used for oxy-acetylene welding and cutting of metals. A growing use is in the treatment of sewage and of effluent from industry.
This gas is used in various industrial chemical applications. It is used to make acids, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and other compounds. Its most reactive variant is ozone O3. It is applied in assorted chemical reactions. The goal is to boost reaction rate and oxidation of unwanted compounds. Hot oxygen air is required to make steel and iron in blast furnaces. Some mining companies use it to destroy rocks.
Oxygen is used to cut metals. Oxygen not only helps in burning but is a very reactive gas. These two properties make it an effective tool for cutting metals at high temperatures through the process of oxidation.
Use in Medicine and Health
In healthcare institutions like hospitals, oxygen supplies are kept in stock. These are provided to patients who have difficulty breathing. This breathing apparatus is also used by astronauts walking in space, scuba divers and mountaineers. Oxygen gas is used to destroy bacteria. The same oxygen gas is used to treat victims of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Oxygen is efficient at killing bacteria and is, therefore, commonly used for cleansing the body from harmful bacteria. In general, deep breathing increases the amount of oxygen in the body. In certain situations, one can use liquid oxygen as well for therapeutic purposes.
In many places where there is a danger of oxygen deficiency in the air, emergency oxygen supplies are provided in the form of oxygen tanks. For example, in airplanes, emergency oxygen is always available, because at higher altitudes, the oxygen level falls to very low values. Similarly, in submarines, the availability of emergency oxygen kits is a must.
Few Major Players are as under:
· Ahmadabad Gases Ltd.
· Arrow Oxygen Ltd.
· Arvin Liquid Gases Ltd.
· Bhagawati Oxygen Ltd.
· Bhilai Oxygen Ltd.
· Bombay Oxygen Corp. Ltd.
· Govind Poy Oxygen Ltd.
· Hindustan Oxygen Gas Co. Ltd.
· National Oxygen Ltd.
· Saraogi Oxygen Ltd.
· Vijaya Oxygen Co. Ltd.
· West Coast Industrial Gases Ltd.
Market Outlook
Demand for industrial gases is anticipated to grow at a robust pace over the next five years. Petrochemical sector, which is one of the major end users of industrial gases, is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 13% during 2015-2020, thereby boosting demand for industrial gases in India over the next five years.
The Indian industrial gases market is dominated by oxygen. Oxygen accounts for nearly 75% of total production of gases outside carbon dioxide in the merchant market. If the captive segment is included, oxygen enjoys an over 70% share in all gases (outside carbon dioxide).
The medical gases market size in India, in volume terms, is forecast to witness a two folds increase by 2019, exhibiting a CAGR of about 15% during 2014-19.
The medical gases market in India is highly dominated by region-specific players, which are offering a stiff competition to multinational companies. India’s specialization in cardiology, orthopedic surgery, etc., is expected to drive healthcare demand, particularly for medical oxygen and nitrous oxide, which are vital requirements of any healthcare setup. Currently, the northern region, followed by the southern region, is the leading demand generators for medical gases, particularly medical oxygen gas.
Oxygen
Demand : Past and Future
|
Year
|
(In Million m3)
|
1990-91
|
450
|
2000-01
|
1335
|
2001-02
|
1525
|
2002-03
|
1725
|
2003-04
|
1975
|
2004-05
|
2315
|
2005-06
|
2760
|
2006-07
|
3360
|
2007-08
|
3730
|
2008-09
|
4910
|
2009-10
|
5400
|
2010-11
|
6250
|
2011-12
|
7210
|
2012-13
|
8200
|
2013-14
|
9165
|
2014-15
|
10000
|
2015-16
|
11250
|
2016-17
|
12800
|
2017-18
|
13950
|
2018-19
|
15700
|
2019-20
|
17230
|
2024-25
|
27125
|
Industrial gases worldwide grew at around 14 per cent in the decade up to 2014 of which Asia-Pacific was the fastest growing market, mainly due to shift of manufacturing base of the world to this area. India is the 10th largest economy in the world in nominal terms but it is the third largest economy in terms of PPP.
Oxygen is required in steel melting, fabrication, copper smelting, medical applications, etc. The use of oxygen improves the thermal efficiency of fuel. As a result, oxygen is used as a method of better energy production from available fuel. Oxygenation in different furnaces including those for steel, copper, cement production, etc. will improve efficiency in energy generation. Similarly, oxygen can be used for hazardous waste clean-up, pollution treatment of water and in coal gasification systems. It can also be used as a replacement of chlorine in paper and pulp industry to reduce pollution.
Industrial gas is an important sector to contribute to a country’s progress. It appears to grow at double the rate of GDP.
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