Iron (III) chloride (Ferric Chloride, FeCl3) has been used in the synthesis of Au/Fe nanoparticles. It has been used as oxidative etching agent during the preparation of platinum nanostructures. Iron (III) chloride, also called ferric chloride, is an industrial scale commodity chemical compound, with the formula FeCl3 and with iron in the +3 oxidation state.
The colour of iron(III) chloride crystals depends on the viewing angle: by reflected light the crystals appear dark green, but by transmitted light they appear purple-red. Anhydrous iron(III) chloride is deliquescent, forming hydrated hydrogen chloride mists in moist air. It is rarely observed in its natural form, the mineral molysite, known mainly from some fumaroles.
Ferric chloride is a brownish liquid which has a pungent odor which is similar to that of hydrochloric acid. It also exists in solid lump form or in anhydrous powder form. Ferric Chloride or Iron (III) Chloride is used as a flocking agent in drinking water and waste water treatment in various industries.
The global ferric chloride market is estimated to witness a CAGR of 4.82% during the forecast period, 2018-2023. Asia-Pacific is expected to account for the major share of the market with the growing stringent regulations in the water treatment industry in the region. By application, water treatment will continue to be the largest end-user of ferric chloride.
Owing to the implementation of various new amendments regarding safe drinking water act, the utilization of ferric chloride has increased in the municipal potable water treatment over the recent past. Moreover, use of ferric chloride for etching of Printed Circuit Boards has increased, this will have a significant impact on the growth of ferric chloride market. Ferric chloride solutions are also being used in surface treatment of metals like copper and zinc for removing scales.
One driver in the market is increase in demand for wastewater reuse. Industries discharge wastewater that contains contaminated inorganic compounds that can have toxic effects on the marine life and cause serious water pollution if released untreated into rivers, ponds, or lakes. Mandatory guidelines by various regulatory bodies including the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) make the treatment and reuse of industrial wastewater compulsory. The use of ferric chloride for the treatment of wastewater is the key reason for its high demand. This is critical in countries where there are scarce resources for drinking water but abundant seawater such as in the Middle East.
