A diaper or nappy is a kind of underwear that allows one to defecate or urinate in a discreet manner. When diapers become soiled, they require changing; this process is often performed by a second person such as a parent or caregiver. Diapers are primarily worn by children who are not yet potty trained or experience bedwetting. . However, they can also be used by adults with incontinence or in certain circumstances where access to a toilet is unavailable. These can include the elderly, those with a physical or mental disability, and people working in extreme conditions such as astronauts. It is not uncommon for people to wear diapers under dry suits. Ever since their introduction several decades ago, product innovations include the use of superabsorbent polymers, resealable tapes, and elasticised waist bands. They are now much thinner and much more absorbent. The product range has more recently been extended into children's toilet training phase with the introduction of training pants and pant diapers, which are now undergarments. Modern disposable baby diapers and incontinence products have a layered construction, which allows the transfer and distribution of urine to an absorbent core structure where it is locked in. Basic layers are an outer shell of breathable polyethylene film or a nonwoven and film composite which prevents wetness and soil transfer, an inner absorbent layer of a mixture of air-laid paper and superabsorbent polymers for wetness, and a layer nearest the skin of nonwoven material with a distribution layer directly beneath which transfers wetness to the absorbent layer. Other common features of disposable diapers include one or more pairs of either adhesive or velcro tapes to keep the diaper securely fastened. Some disposable diapers include fragrances, lotions or essential oils in order to help mask the scent of a soiled diaper or to protect the skin. Care of disposable diapers is minimal, and primarily consists of keeping them in a dry place before use, with proper disposal in a garbage receptacle upon soiling.
Uses and Applications
Diapers are primarily worn by children who are not yet potty trained or experience bedwetting. However, they can also be used by adults with incontinence or in certain circumstances where access to a toilet is unavailable. Babies may have their diapers changed five or more times a day. Parents and other primary child care givers often carry spare diapers and necessities for diaper changing in a specialized diaper bag.
Market Survey
Today, the global market for absorbent hygiene products is over US $ 50 bn (including wipes). The evolution of hygiene products in Europe and the NorthAmerica has taken 4 to 5 generations. Feminine care was introduced over 100 years ago. Baby diapers were invented 60 years ago. Adult incontinence products appeared 30 years ago. a research report by RNCOS, Indian Baby Care Market Analysis, found that the market of disposable diapers is growing at snail pace compared to other segments of the baby care market. Diapers market reached an estimated INR 1.23 Billion in 2010, posting annual growth of around 12% from 2009. Although, there is a huge potential for diaper market in India as mostly the urban population is using it for their babies, the rural population still lags in it. Many established brands, such as P&G, Kimberly-Clark, and Nobel hygiene are continuously adopting steps to grab more and more market share in this huge untapped market. Further research reveals that the Indian baby care market has substantially grown over the past few years and caught the attention of many international players. India continues to enjoy a healthy birth rate compared to other economies, coupled with the increasing level of disposable income of the working class, which is expected to be sustained for a healthy growth momentum in future. The Indian disposable diaper market is currently pegged at nearly Indian Rupees (Rs) 700m ($17.4m, E12.6m) and 30,000 tonnes/year, and is estimated to grow between 5-10% annually. It comprises brands like Huggies (60% market share) and Pampers (30%) from multinationals Kimberly Clark and Procter & Gamble, respectively. Domestic consumer products major Godrej's Snuggy is the third-largest brand of diapers in the Indian market, with a 10% share. Analysts say it will take some time for the baby diaper market in India to pick up. According to Carlos Richer of Richer Diaper Consulting Services, India has about 45% more infants than China and almost six times more babies than the US.
Few Indian Major Players are as under:
Carewell Hygiene Products Ltd.
Diapers India Ltd.
Godrej Hygiene Products Ltd.
Gufic Biosciences Ltd.
Johnson & Johnson Ltd.
Kimberly Clark Lever Pvt. Ltd.
Procter & Gamble Hygiene & Health Care Ltd.
Regency Diaper Inds. Ltd.
Softouch Hygiene Products (Mkt) Ltd.
Tainwala Personal Care Products Pvt. Ltd.
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