A lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery is a type of lithium-ion battery that can charge and discharge at high rates when compared to other types of batteries. It's a rechargeable battery with a LiFePO4 cathode, hence the name. A form of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery is a lithium ferrophosphate (LFP) battery. Lithium iron phosphate batteries differ from other lithium-ion batteries in that they may deliver a constant voltage and have a longer charge cycle, ranging from 2000 to 3000 cycles. LFP batteries are both environmentally friendly and structurally sound. They have a low energy density and a low discharge rate. In comparison to other batteries, they don't become hot readily and stay cool.
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They are similar in design to that of other secondary batteries such as lead acid, nickel cadmium and NiMH. The significant difference lies in their electrolyte made from lithium salts. The importance of lithium ion batteries lies not only in its cost but also due to their ability to retain charge for longer time. This provides more efficient energy storage compared with conventional battery systems and thus contributes towards cleaner environment.
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Uses
Lithium ion batteries are used in digital cameras, cordless power tools, laser pointers, plasma TV sets and flashlights. They are also used as portable power supplies for laptop computers, digital camcorders and mobile phones. As they have less capacity than NiMH batteries they are more often used in devices where size or weight is not a major consideration. This includes medical devices (such as pacemakers), children's toys and flashlights. Lithium-ion batteries have a constant voltage of 3.6 V per cell over their discharge cycle these cells can handle 500+ recharges.
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Manufacturing process
Raw material preparation, in-process inspection, cell assembly, performance tests, and pack assembly are the five primary manufacturing processes in the production of lithium ion batteries (abbreviated LIBs). A contemporary lithium battery plant can contain over 50 production lines and equipment worth several billion dollars. A large-scale lithium battery plant often employs 1000 or more people, with one or two shifts operating 24 hours a day. During peak periods, three or four shifts may be working around the clock to keep up with customer demand. Some of the larger facilities have up to 10,000 employees.
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Market Outlook:
The lithium ion battery market is estimated to increase at a CAGR of 12.6 percent from 2020 to 2027, reaching USD 3,203.01 million by 2027. The market is expanding due to the growing demand for lithium ion batteries in medical devices. Lithium ions flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through the electrolyte during charging and backwards during discharging in a lithium ion battery. These rechargeable batteries are widely utilised in consumer electronics and autos. Cathode, anode, separator, and electrolyte are the four components. Anode aids in the storage and release of lithium ions from the cathode, allowing current to flow through an external circuit.
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The lithium iron phosphate batteries market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.0 percent from an estimated USD 8.3 billion in 2019 to USD 10.6 billion by 2024. The increased focus on electric and hybrid electric vehicles, as well as rising demand for energy storage applications, are responsible for this expansion.
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